COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGG.
Uploaded on: 01.12.2025
- XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is primarily designed to: Store data Transport data.
- Which database is mostly returned by fetchall() method in Python-Mysql connectivity? : A list of tuples or an empty list, if no more rows are available.
- Which type of cable has high bandwidth supports high data transfer rate, signals can travel longer distances and electromagnetic noise cannot affect the cable, however expensive. : Optical Fiber
- The full form of ARPANET is: Advanced Research Projects Agency Network.
- Identify the communication protocol which establishes a dedicated and direct connection between two communicating devices. This protocol defines how two devices will authenticate each other and establish direct link between them to exchange data. - PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol).
- A _______ is a human friendly text form of the IP address. : Domain name.
- Using join, which Mysql query is equal to:
SELECT NAME, MARKS
FROM STUDENT, RESULT
WHERE STUDENT.ROLL = RESULT.ROLL;
: SELECT NAME, MARKS FROM STUDENT NATURAL JOIN RESULT (NATURAL JOIN automatically joins tables on columns with the same name (ROLL)).
- Type of topologies:
Bus: Simple and cheap but not scalable.
Star: Most common in LANs, easy to manage.
Ring: Less common now; used in legacy token ring networks.
Mesh: Very reliable, used in backbone networks and mission-critical systems.
Tree: Combines hierarchical structure with flexibility; used to connect multiple LANs.
- Type of switching technique
1. Circuit Switching
Definition: A dedicated communication path is established between sender and receiver for the duration of the session.
Characteristics:
Connection-oriented
Resources reserved for the entire session
Continuous, fixed bandwidth
Example: Traditional telephone networks (PSTN)
Pros: Reliable, constant data rate
Cons: Inefficient for bursty data; resources are idle when no data is sent
2. Packet Switching
Definition: Data is divided into packets; each packet may take a different route to the destination.
Characteristics:
No dedicated path
More efficient for data traffic
Can handle multiple users simultaneously
Types:
Datagram Packet Switching: Each packet is treated independently (like the Internet).
Virtual Circuit Packet Switching: A logical path is established for the session (like Frame Relay).
Pros: Efficient, flexible, supports bursty traffic
Cons: Variable delay, possible packet loss
3. Message Switching
Definition: Entire messages are stored and forwarded from one switch to the next until they reach the destination.
Characteristics:
Store-and-forward method
No dedicated path
Can handle long messages
Pros: No dedicated connection required
Cons: Higher delay compared to packet switching
- Identify the term which is a small file or data packet, stored by a website on the client's computer and used by the websites to store browsing information of the user. - Cookies.
- Which computer hardware device used to convert data from a digital format into a format suitable for an analog transmission medium ? - Modem.
- Repeater – Amplifies signals to extend network range.
- Hub – Connects multiple devices in a LAN, broadcasts signals.
- Firewall - A firewall is a network security device or software that monitors, filters, and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on a set of security rules. Its main purpose is to protect a computer or network from unauthorized access, cyberattacks, or malicious traffic.
- GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is basically the standard-bearer of: 2.5G technology.
- Which string method always break the string into 3 parts in python. - partition
Example : .
text = "apple-banana-cherry"
result = text.partition("-")
print(result)
Output: ('apple', '-', 'banana-cherry').
- Python logical operators precedence is:
1. parenthesis Braces
2. not (highest precedence)
3. and
4. or (lowest precedence)
- what is the default color for Matplotlib plots? - Blue
- Which module is required to be imported in a Python program to use mean, median and mode methods? : statistics
Example:
statistics.mean() → calculates the average.
statistics.median() → finds the middle value.
statistics.mode() → finds the most frequent value.
- The number of attributes in a relation is called the of the relation. - Degree
- What is the purpose of the legend() function in Matplotlib ? : To label different lines or markers on a plot.
- Which command in MySQL is used to list all (non-temporary) tables in a given database ? : SHOWTABLES
-x-x-x-x-